Cognitive Impairment During COVID-19 Pandemic and Post-Infection and Reversed Trend of Life Expectancy Gain
Cognitive Impairment During COVID-19 Pandemic and Post-Infection and Reversed Trend of Life Expectancy Gain
Attapon Cheepsattayakorn1,2,3,4*, Ruangrong Cheepsattayakorn5, Porntep Siriwanarangsun2
1. Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand.
2. Faculty of Medicine, Western University, Pathumtani Province, Thailand.
3. 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
4. Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand.
5. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Correspondence to: Attapon Cheepsattayakorn, 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, 143 Sridornchai Road Changklan Muang Chiang Mai 50100 Thailand.
Copyright
© 2024 Attapon Cheepsattayakorn. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 29 May 2024
Published: 01 July 2024
Cognitive Impairment During COVID-19 Pandemic and Post-Infection and Reversed Trend of Life Expectancy Gain
The World Health Statistics, the latest edition, released by the World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that, at birth, the reversed trend of steady gain in life expectancy, including healthy life expectancy at birth (HALE) [1]. Between 2019 and 221, the life expectancy at birth of both men and women decreased approximately 1.7 years [1]., whereas more concentrated was identified in women in 2021 [1] that reduced by 0.5 and 1.1 years to 64.1 years and 63.0 years in 2020 and 2021, respectively [1]. Between 2019 and 2021, South East Asia and the Region of the Americas were most affected WHO regions, with about 3 years of life expectancy and 2.5 years of HALE, respectively [1], whereas the Western Pacific Region was the smallest impact [1]. In low-income and low-middle-income countries, the life expectancy was cut by 0.6 years and 2.4 years, respectively, by World Bank income groups [1], with hardest impact occurring in lower middle-income countries with mor than 70 % of life-expectancy loss and HALE in 2021 [1]. In upper-middle-income countries, more than half of the life-expectancy-year loss and HALE were found [1].
Cognitive impairment, is often reported after COID-19 infection and during pandemic [2]. A recent study was conducted in January 2022, investigation of the association between cognitive impairment and poor mental health and well-being, mental fatigue and sleep problem and revealed that 7.0 % of first-positives and 7.5 % of reinfected children and young adults experienced cognitive impairment with no difference between infection-status groups at 12-months post-first-testing (p = 0.78)[2].
In conclusion, several behavioral, such as trouble sleep and mental health can co-occur with cognitive impairment and can affect on life expectancy and HALE during COVID-19 pandemic and during post-COVID-19 infection and reinfection.
References
1. Akuthota P. World Health Organization Report. Latest edition. COVID-19 pandemic reversed trend of life expectancy gain. Published online : May 27, 2024.
2. Foret-Bruno P, Shafran R, Stephenson T, Nugawela MD, Chan D, Ladhani S, et al. Prevalence and co-occurrence of cognitive impairment in children and young people up to 12-months post infection with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant). Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2024; 119 : 989-994.